Which statement about inflammation is true?

• A. It serves defense and disposal of dead tissue.
• B. It is always caused by infection.
• C. It never causes swelling.
• D. It only occurs in wounds.

Answer: (A)

Inflammation is a protective tissue response that helps defend the body and remove dead or damaged tissue. The statement that inflammation serves defense and disposal of dead tissue best captures its purpose: it brings immune cells to the site of injury, contains damage, clears debris, and kickstarts healing. While infection can trigger inflammation, it is not the sole cause; noninfectious injuries, chemical irritants, heat, and immune reactions can also provoke it. Swelling is a common feature of inflammation, due to increased blood flow and vascular permeability, so the idea that swelling never occurs is incorrect. Inflammation also isn’t limited to wounds—it can occur in joints, organs, or mucous membranes in response to various insults.